نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
عنوان مقاله English
نویسندگان English
Purpose: The purpose of this research is to answer the question, "What is the humanization model of personality in the Islamic civilization from the perspective of the Holy Quran?"
Methodology: The present research is a library-documentary study in terms of data collection. The population under analysis was all verses of the Holy Quran, and initially the relevant verses were extracted from these sources and then analyzed in detail based on the analytical units of this study, namely: related words, topics, and phrases. Quantitative and qualitative content analysis methods were used to analyze the themes.
Findings: The research findings can be summarized in several points:
1. The study of verses regarding faith indicates a trajectory based on which these verses can be organized in three stages: contextual variables, behaviors of the faithful personality, and results, and an appropriate model can be extracted.
2. Verses regarding faith from the perspective of the Holy Quran are divided into three categories: contextual variables (16%), behaviors of the believing personality (60%), and results (24%), with the highest frequency of verses related to the second category. The third category was not refined in the present study due to its exclusion from the discussion, and only the first and second categories were explained and examined as the first (21%) and second (79%) stages. The abundance of verses related to the second stage may indicate that, given that the realm of human action, unlike the realm of human psychological issues, is extensive and visible, therefore, in order to identify believers from non-believers, it is necessary for the Quran to explain many practical indicators in order to be able to recognize a believer.
3. Based on the analyses, the first stage, from the perspective of the Holy Quran, was identified as including the following contextual variables: cognitive (57%), emotional (6%), and volitional (37%). It seems that the reason for the abundance of cognitive variables is that presenting correct thinking and establishing such thinking in the audience is the main context for forming a faithful individual and social personality, because faith is essentially a cognitive substance and is associated with knowledge and the need for knowledge. Therefore, one should focus maximally on cognitive variables. According to the Holy Quran, at this stage, in order to cultivate a believing personality, one should provide the following variables: cognitive (maximum focus on faith in God, prophets, divine books, and the resurrection), emotional (maximum focus on fear of God), and volitional (maximum focus on obedience to divine prophets and God).
4. In the second stage, learners need guidance in carrying out behaviors, and these behaviors and the priority of each of them over the other must be understood in order to guide the learners appropriately. The Holy Quran has reflected these behaviors in seven dimensions: cultural (50%), political (17%), economic (10%), military-organizational (9%), family (3%), thought-based (8%), and emotion-based (3%). According to the Quran, at this stage, the student should be guided towards behaviors, the most important of which are cultural behaviors (with maximum focus on doing good deeds, observing piety, performing prayers, being patient, speaking the truth) and political behaviors (with maximum focus on enjoining good and forbidding evil, political stability, enduring political hardships, and not taking the infidels as guardians). The maximum focus on cultural and political behaviors indicates that this community seeks to achieve a pious community. It also indicates that the greatest difference between a believing and pious community and a hypocritical and infidel community lies in cultural and political behaviors.
Conclusion: The Holy Quran, as the last and most comprehensive book of guidance for people and societies, has presented the best ideas and programs in various fields. How to educate a person who builds Islamic civilization, that is, a believer, is one of the fields in which the Holy Quran has provided a model in this regard. Based on this model, legislators and executive officials should focus their greatest attention on epistemological variables (maximum focus on teaching and educating the three principles: monotheism, prophecy, and resurrection) in order to create variables that create the basis for educating a faithful personality. In the behavioral stage, people should also focus their efforts on cultural dimensions (maximum focus on doing good deeds, observing piety, performing prayers, being patient, speaking the truth) and political dimensions (with maximum focus on enjoining good and forbidding evil, political stability, enduring political hardships, and not taking infidels as guardians).